Independence Day holds great significance in Indonesia as it symbolizes the resilience of its people during the challenging periods of Dutch and Japanese colonial rule. Today, the Indonesian population commemorates their independence through special ceremonies and exciting games to create a sense of nationalism and honor their rich cultural heritage. The 79th Independence Day of Indonesia will be celebrated on August 17th, 2024.
History of the Indonesian Fight for Independence
At the end of the 16th century, the Dutch began to show interest in Indonesia, leading to the establishment of the Dutch East India Company in 1602. The company established various trading posts throughout the region, gradually increasing their power by growing their revenue, introducing military might, and inserting themselves into regional politics. By 1705, Dutch control extended over most of Java.
Despite interference from other European countries over the years, the Dutch continued to have the most influence over Indonesia. They ran extensive trading networks and made agreements with local rulers that gave them indirect control over territories. By 1910, the Dutch had successfully unified the islands of the region into a unified colonial dependency.
Japan took control of Indonesia in early 1942, breaking the continuity of Dutch rule. Despite initial relief due to the end of Dutch colonialism, the Indonesians quickly realized that the Japanese had become the new overlords of the islands, as they used the Indonesian people and resources to fuel their war efforts.
After news of the Japanese surrender, Indonesian leaders took the opportunity to declare Indonesia an independent republic, which occurred on the morning of August 17th, 1945.
On August 17th, 1946, the Indonesian government proclaimed the 17th the official holiday we know today to commemorate the nation's first anniversary of independence.
The Independence Day National Flag Hoisting Ceremony
Indonesia celebrates its Independence Day with various flag-hoisting ceremonies, with the largest one held at the Merdeka Palace in Jakarta.
During the ceremony, the president and vice-president re-enact the historic Declaration of Independence first delivered by President Sukarno in 1945.
Following a moment of silence to honor fallen heroes, a group of high school students representing each province of Indonesia raise the national flag, symbolizing the country's unity. The Indonesian Air Force closes the ceremony with a fly-over.
A second ceremony takes place later in the afternoon to commemorate the lowering of the flag.
Traditional Activities on Independence Day
Indonesians do not have to attend a flag hoisting ceremony (either national or regional) to celebrate independence. Many do it at home, decorating their house and neighborhood with the Indonesian flag and colors in the days and weeks leading up to the event.
On the day of independence, families, businesses, and communities come together to hold their own celebrations. These parties are usually filled with fun activities, including:
Lomba Makan Kerupuk - participants must eat a kerupuk in the time allowed. Kerupuks are local crackers large in size. This game may seem easy, but it is actually a lot more difficult than it first appears! These crackers hang from a thread and the competitors have their hands tied behind their backs, making for a challenging and exciting game.
Panjat Pinang - competitors must climb to the top of a greased pole. Usually, participants must work together to make it to the top, usually climbing on top of each other to create human towers. The first to make it to the top wins a prize.
Bakiak Race - a team of three to four people must walk together and reach the finish line before the other teams. The catch? Each team member must attach their feet to the same bakiak, or traditional wooden slipper. To beat the other contestants, each team member must walk in sync and practice teamwork.
Tarik tambang - this game tests the strength of the players. Two teams must pull at the same rope, trying to get it to their respective sides. The team that successfully brings the center of the rope to their side wins!
Balap karung - otherwise known as a sack race, competitors in this game must make it to the finish line by hopping in a sack. No running or walking allowed! It's a fun and challenging activity that both children and adults enjoy taking part in.
Sendok kelereng - each participants must carry a spoon in their mouth throughout the race. On the end of the spoon is a marble. To win the race, the participant must cross the finish line with the marble still on the spoon.
Conclusion
Independence Day in Indonesia is a fun and meaningful celebration that reflects the nation's strong spirit and cultural richness. Marked annually on August 17th, this day not only commemorates the historic Declaration of Independence from colonial rule but also honors the resilience and unity of the Indonesian people. From the professional flag-hoisting ceremonies at Merdeka Palace to the fun local festivities featuring traditional games, the celebration serves as a powerful reminder of Indonesia's journey to freedom and its national pride. As the country prepares for the 79th Independence Day in 2024, Indonesians will come together once again to celebrate their shared heritage, embrace their cultural traditions, and reinforce their collective identity.
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